LaTeX 符号表大全
LaTeX 符号表大全
希腊字母
| # | 表现 | LaTeX 符号 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(\alpha\) | \alpha |
| 2 | \(\beta\) | \beta |
| 3 | \(\gamma\) | \gamma |
| 4 | \(\Gamma\) | \Gamma |
| 5 | \(\delta\) | \delta |
| 6 | \(\Delta\) | \Delta |
| 7 | \(\epsilon\) | \epsilon |
| 8 | \(\varepsilon\) | \varepsilon |
| 9 | \(\zeta\) | \zeta |
| 10 | \(\eta\) | \eta |
| 11 | \(\theta\) | \theta |
| 12 | \(\Theta\) | \Theta |
| 13 | \(\vartheta\) | \vartheta |
| 14 | \(\iota\) | \iota |
| 15 | \(\kappa\) | \kappa |
| 16 | \(\lambda\) | \lambda |
| 17 | \(\Lambda\) | \Lambda |
| 18 | \(\mu\) | \mu |
| 19 | \(\nu\) | \nu |
| 20 | \(\xi\) | \xi |
| 21 | \(\Xi\) | \Xi |
| 22 | \(o\) | o |
| 23 | \(\pi\) | \pi |
| 24 | \(\Pi\) | \Pi |
| 25 | \(\varpi\) | \varpi |
| 26 | \(\rho\) | \rho |
| 27 | \(\varrho\) | \varrho |
| 28 | \(\sigma\) | \sigma |
| 29 | \(\Sigma\) | \Sigma |
| 30 | \(\varsigma\) | \varsigma |
| 31 | \(\tau\) | \tau |
| 32 | \(\upsilon\) | \upsilon |
| 33 | \(\Upsilon\) | \Upsilon |
| 34 | \(\phi\) | \phi |
| 35 | \(\Phi\) | \Phi |
| 36 | \(\varphi\) | \varphi |
| 37 | \(\chi\) | \chi |
| 38 | \(\psi\) | \psi |
| 39 | \(\Psi\) | \Psi |
| 40 | \(\omega\) | \omega |
| 41 | \(\Omega\) | \Omega |
说明：
- 表格包含24个小写和24个大写希腊字母（有些字母的大写形式与拉丁字母相同，如 Alpha
A）。 - 一些字母有常见的变体形式（如
\varepsilon,\vartheta,\varphi等）。 - 在 LaTeX 中，希腊字母命令通常就是其英文名称，首字母大写即得到大写形式（如
\gamma→ \(\gamma\),\Gamma→ \(\Gamma\)）。 - 字母
omicron与拉丁字母o基本相同，通常直接使用o。
结构
| # | 表现 | LaTeX 符号 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(f'\) | f' |
| 1 | \(f'\) | f^\prime |
| 2 | \(\sqrt{abc}\) | \sqrt |
| 3 | \(\sqrt[n]{abc}\) | \sqrt[n] |
| 4 | \(\overline{abc}\) | \overline |
| 5 | \(\underline{abc}\) | \underline |
| 6 | \(\widehat{abc}\) | \widehat |
| 7 | \(\widetilde{abc}\) | \widetilde |
| 8 | \(\overrightarrow{abc}\) | \overrightarrow |
| 9 | \(\overleftarrow{abc}\) | \overleftarrow |
| 10 | \(\overbrace{abc}\) | \overbrace |
| 11 | \(\underbrace{abc}\) | \underbrace |
| 12 | \(\frac{abc}{xyz}\) | \frac{abc} |
说明：
f'是导数的常用记法，注意它与f^\prime等价，但输入更简洁。\sqrt{}和\sqrt[]{}是根式符号，[n]内为可选的根指数。\overline{}和\underline{}在符号上方/下方生成横线。\widehat{}和\widetilde{}在符号上方生成宽窄不同的“帽子”。\overrightarrow{}和\overleftarrow{}用于表示向量或方向。\overbrace{}和\underbrace{}生成上/下大括号，常用于注释或表示求和。
分隔符
| # | 表现 | LaTeX 符号 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(|\) | | |
| 2 | \(\vert\) | \vert |
| 3 | \(|\) | | |
| 4 | \(\Vert\) | \Vert |
| 5 | \(\lfloor\) | \lfloor |
| 6 | \(\rfloor\) | \rfloor |
| 7 | \(\lceil\) | \lceil |
| 8 | \(\rceil\) | \rceil |
| 9 | \(\Uparrow\) | \Uparrow |
| 10 | \(\uparrow\) | \uparrow |
| 11 | \(\Downarrow\) | \Downarrow |
| 12 | \(\downarrow\) | \downarrow |
| 13 | \(\{\) | { |
| 14 | \(\}\) | } |
| 15 | \(\langle\) | \langle |
| 16 | \(\rangle\) | \rangle |
| 17 | \(/\) | / |
| 18 | \([\) | [ |
| 19 | \(]\) | ] |
| 20 | \(\llcorner\) | \llcorner |
| 21 | \(\lrcorner\) | \lrcorner |
| 22 | \(\ulcorner\) | \ulcorner |
| 23 | \(\urcorner\) | \urcorner |
说明：
|,\|可以直接输入，但使用\vert,\Vert是更标准的 LaTeX 命令，能确保正确的间距和符号属性。\{和\}是必须使用反斜杠转义的花括号，因为{和}在 LaTeX 中有特殊分组功能。\langle和\rangle是尖括号，通常用于表示内积或特定区间。\lfloor,\rfloor,\lceil,\rceil是向下和向上的取整符号。\Uparrow,\uparrow,\Downarrow,\downarrow是垂直方向的双箭头和单箭头。\llcorner,\lrcorner,\ulcorner,\urcorner是角落符号，常用于表示矩阵或特定区域的边界。
大型运算符 (求和、集合运算等)
| # | 表现 | LaTeX 符号 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(\sum\) | \sum |
| 2 | \(\prod\) | \prod |
| 3 | \(\coprod\) | \coprod |
| 4 | \(\biguplus\) | \biguplus |
| 5 | \(\bigcap\) | \bigcap |
| 6 | \(\bigcup\) | \bigcup |
| 7 | \(\bigvee\) | \bigvee |
| 8 | \(\bigwedge\) | \bigwedge |
| 9 | \(\bigsqcup\) | \bigsqcup |
| 10 | \(\bigoplus\) | \bigoplus |
| 11 | \(\bigotimes\) | \bigotimes |
| 12 | \(\bigodot\) | \bigodot |
说明：
\sum（求和）和\prod（求积）是最常用的运算符。\int、\oint、\iint、\iiint是积分符号系列。\bigcap、\bigcup等是集合运算的大号版本。\bigoplus、\bigotimes、\bigodot常用于表示直和、张量积、点积等代数运算。- 这些符号在行内公式中会显示为较小的版本（如 \(\sum\)），在行间公式（
$$...$$）或使用\displaystyle时会显示为较大的版本。
极限
基础极限表达式
| # | 表现 | LaTeX 代码 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(\lim_{x \to a} f(x)\) | \lim_{x \to a} f(x) |
| 2 | \(\lim_{x \to \infty} f(x)\) | \lim_{x \to \infty} f(x) |
| 3 | \(\lim_{x \to -\infty} f(x)\) | \lim_{x \to -\infty} f(x) |
| 4 | \(\lim_{x \to a^+} f(x)\) | \lim_{x \to a^+} f(x) |
| 5 | \(\lim_{x \to a^-} f(x)\) | \lim_{x \to a^-} f(x) |
| 6 | \(\lim_{n \to \infty} a_n\) | \lim_{n \to \infty} a_n |
带分数、根号等复杂表达式的极限
| # | 表现 | LaTeX 代码 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\sin x}{x} = 1\) | \lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\sin x}{x} = 1 |
| 2 | \(\lim_{x \to 0} (1 + x)^{\frac{1}{x}} = e\) | \lim_{x \to 0} (1 + x)^{\frac{1}{x}} = e |
| 3 | \(\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{e^x - 1}{x} = 1\) | \lim_{x \to 0} \frac{e^x - 1}{x} = 1 |
| 4 | \(\lim_{x \to \infty} \left(1 + \frac{1}{x}\right)^x = e\) | \lim_{x \to \infty} \left(1 + \frac{1}{x}\right)^x = e |
多重极限与特殊形式
| # | 表现 | LaTeX 代码 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(\lim_{{(x,y) \to (0,0)}} f(x,y)\) | \lim_{{(x,y) \to (0,0)}} f(x,y) |
| 2 | \(\lim_{x \to 0} \lim_{y \to 0} f(x,y)\) | \lim_{x \to 0} \lim_{y \to 0} f(x,y) |
| 3 | \(\limsup_{n \to \infty} a_n\) | \limsup_{n \to \infty} a_n |
| 4 | \(\liminf_{n \to \infty} a_n\) | \liminf_{n \to \infty} a_n |
在文本行内与独立显示的对比
| # | 表现 | LaTeX 代码 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(\lim_{x \to \infty} f(x)\) | $\lim_{x \to \infty} f(x)$ |
| 2 | $$\lim_{x \to \infty} f(x)$$ | `$$\lim_{x \to \infty} f(x)$ |
| ---- | ------ | ------------ |
| 独立显示 | ||
| 3 | $$\lim_{x \to 0} \left(\frac{\sin x}{x}\right)$$ | `$$\lim_{x \to 0} \left(\frac{\sin x}{x}\right)$ |
| ---- | ------ | ------------ |
| 独立显示（带括号） |
使用 \displaystyle 的示例
| # | 表现 | LaTeX 代码 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(\displaystyle\lim_{x \to a} f(x)\) | \displaystyle\lim_{x \to a} f(x) |
| 2 | \(\displaystyle\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\sin x}{x} = 1\) | \displaystyle\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\sin x}{x} = 1 |
关键说明：
\lim是极限符号_{x \to a}表示变量 x 趋向于 a\to是箭头符号\infty表示无穷大a^+和a^-分别表示从右侧和左侧趋向于 a\frac{}{}用于创建分数\left(和\right)用于自动调整括号大小\displaystyle可以使极限符号更大、上下标位置更标准（类似于独立显示模式）
积分
| # | 表现 | LaTeX 符号 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(\int\) | \int |
| 2 | \(\oint\) | \oint |
| 4 | \(\iint\) | \iint |
| 5 | \(\iiint\) | \iiint |
| 6 | \(\int_a^b f(x) \, dx\) | \int_a^b f(x) \, dx |
| 7 | \(\displaystyle \int_a^b f(x) \, dx\) | \displaystyle \int_a^b f(x) \, dx |
| 8 | \(\int\limits_a^b f(x) \, dx\) | \int\limits_a^b f(x) \, dx |
| 9 | \(\int_{a}^{b} f(x) \, dx\) | \int_{a}^{b} f(x) \, dx |
| 10 | \(\left. F(x) \right|_a^b\) | `\left. F(x) \right |
| 11 | \(\iint_D f(x,y) \, dA\) | \iint_D f(x,y) \, dA |
| 12 | \(\iiint_V f(x,y,z) \, dV\) | \iiint_V f(x,y,z) \, dV |
| 13 | \(\int_a^b \int_c^d f(x,y) \, dy \, dx\) | \int_a^b \int_c^d f(x,y) \, dy \, dx |
| 14 | \(\int_0^\infty f(x) \, dx\) | \int_0^\infty f(x) \, dx |
| 15 | \(\int_{-\infty}^0 f(x) \, dx\) | \int_{-\infty}^0 f(x) \, dx |
| 16 | \(\int_{-\infty}^\infty f(x) \, dx\) | \int_{-\infty}^\infty f(x) \, dx |
| 17 | \(\displaystyle \int_0^{+\infty} f(x) \, dx\) | \displaystyle \int_0^{+\infty} f(x) \, dx |
| 18 | \(\int_{\infty}^{-\infty} f(x) \, dx\) | \int_{\infty}^{-\infty} f(x) \, dx |
| 19 | \(\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} f(x) \, dx\) | \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} f(x) \, dx |
| 20 | \(\iint_{0}^{\infty} f(x,y) \, dx \, dy\) | \iint_{0}^{\infty} f(x,y) \, dx \, dy |
| 21 | \(\int_{-\infty}^\infty \int_{-\infty}^\infty f(x,y) \, dx \, dy\) | \int_{-\infty}^\infty \int_{-\infty}^\infty f(x,y) \, dx \, dy |
关键说明：
\int是积分符号_a^b表示从 a 到 b 的积分限（a 为下限，b 为上限）\,用于添加适当间距dx表示对变量 x 积分\displaystyle或\limits可以使积分符号更大、上下限位置更标准\infty表示无穷大符号 ∞-\infty表示负无穷大 -∞- 在积分上下限中使用
\infty或-\infty来表示无穷积分区间 - 这些形式在概率论、统计物理、信号处理等领域非常常见
- 在多重积分中，每个积分符号都需要自己的上下限，通常按从内到外的顺序书写。
基础函数
| # | 表现 | LaTeX 符号 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(\arccos\) | \arccos |
| 2 | \(\arcsin\) | \arcsin |
| 3 | \(\arctan\) | \arctan |
| 4 | \(\arg\) | \arg |
| 5 | \(\cos\) | \cos |
| 6 | \(\cosh\) | \cosh |
| 7 | \(\cot\) | \cot |
| 8 | \(\coth\) | \coth |
| 9 | \(\csc\) | \csc |
| 10 | \(\deg\) | \deg |
| 11 | \(\det\) | \det |
| 12 | \(\dim\) | \dim |
| 13 | \(\exp\) | \exp |
| 14 | \(\gcd\) | \gcd |
| 15 | \(\hom\) | \hom |
| 16 | \(\inf\) | \inf |
| 17 | \(\ker\) | \ker |
| 18 | \(\lg\) | \lg |
| 19 | \(\lim\) | \lim |
| 20 | \(\liminf\) | \liminf |
| 21 | \(\limsup\) | \limsup |
| 22 | \(\ln\) | \ln |
| 23 | \(\log\) | \log |
| 24 | \(\max\) | \max |
| 25 | \(\min\) | \min |
| 26 | \(\Pr\) | \Pr |
| 27 | \(\sec\) | \sec |
| 28 | \(\sin\) | \sin |
| 29 | \(\sinh\) | \sinh |
| 30 | \(\sup\) | \sup |
| 31 | \(\tan\) | \tan |
| 32 | \(\tanh\) | \tanh |
说明：
- 这些是 LaTeX 中预定义的函数名运算符。
- 使用它们（而不是直接输入
sin）能确保正确的字体、间距和排版格式（如正体、与变量区分开）。 - 例如，输入
\sin x会显示为 \(\sin x\)，而输入sin x会显示为 \(sin x\)（错误格式）。
运算符和关系符，已按符号类型大致分类排序。
| # | 表现 | LaTeX 符号 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(\ast\) | \ast |
| 2 | \(\star\) | \star |
| 3 | \(\cdot\) | \cdot |
| 4 | \(\circ\) | \circ |
| 5 | \(\bullet\) | \bullet |
| 6 | \(\bigcirc\) | \bigcirc |
| 7 | \(\diamond\) | \diamond |
| 8 | \(\times\) | \times |
| 9 | \(\div\) | \div |
| 10 | \(\centerdot\) | \centerdot |
| 11 | \(\circledast\) | \circledast |
| 12 | \(\circledcirc\) | \circledcirc |
| 13 | \(\circleddash\) | \circleddash |
| 14 | \(\dotplus\) | \dotplus |
| 15 | \(\divideontimes\) | \divideontimes |
| 16 | \(\pm\) | \pm |
| 17 | \(\mp\) | \mp |
| 18 | \(\amalg\) | \amalg |
| 19 | \(\odot\) | \odot |
| 20 | \(\ominus\) | \ominus |
| 21 | \(\oplus\) | \oplus |
| 22 | \(\oslash\) | \oslash |
| 23 | \(\otimes\) | \otimes |
| 24 | \(\wr\) | \wr |
| 25 | \(\Box\) | \Box |
| 26 | \(\boxplus\) | \boxplus |
| 27 | \(\boxminus\) | \boxminus |
| 28 | \(\boxtimes\) | \boxtimes |
| 29 | \(\boxdot\) | \boxdot |
| 30 | \(\square\) | \square |
| 31 | \(\equiv\) | \equiv |
| 32 | \(\cong\) | \cong |
| 33 | \(\neq\) | \neq |
| 34 | \(\sim\) | \sim |
| 35 | \(\simeq\) | \simeq |
| 36 | \(\approx\) | \approx |
| 37 | \(\asymp\) | \asymp |
| 38 | \(\doteq\) | \doteq |
| 39 | \(\propto\) | \propto |
| 40 | \(\models\) | \models |
| 41 | \(\leq\) | \leq |
| 42 | \(\prec\) | \prec |
| 43 | \(\preceq\) | \preceq |
| 44 | \(\ll\) | \ll |
| 45 | \(\subset\) | \subset |
| 46 | \(\subseteq\) | \subseteq |
| 47 | \(\sqsubset\) | \sqsubset |
| 48 | \(\sqsubseteq\) | \sqsubseteq |
| 49 | \(\dashv\) | \dashv |
| 50 | \(\in\) | \in |
说明：
- 第1-30项：主要为各类二元运算符（如点、圈、叉、方框等）及其组合。
- 第31-50项：主要为二元关系符（如等价、相似、不等、包含、属于等）。
- 符号
\square和\Box通常表示相同或相似的方块符号，具体外观可能取决于字体包。 - 这些符号在数学公式中用于表示特定的运算或关系。
运算符和关系符，已按符号类型大致分类排序。
| # | 表现 | LaTeX 符号 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(\cap\) | \cap |
| 2 | \(\cup\) | \cup |
| 3 | \(\uplus\) | \uplus |
| 4 | \(\sqcap\) | \sqcap |
| 5 | \(\sqcup\) | \sqcup |
| 6 | \(\wedge\) | \wedge |
| 7 | \(\vee\) | \vee |
| 8 | \(\dagger\) | \dagger |
| 9 | \(\ddagger\) | \ddagger |
| 10 | \(\barwedge\) | \barwedge |
| 11 | \(\curlywedge\) | \curlywedge |
| 12 | \(\Cap\) | \Cap |
| 13 | \(\bot\) | \bot |
| 14 | \(\intercal\) | \intercal |
| 15 | \(\doublebarwedge\) | \doublebarwedge |
| 16 | \(\lhd\) | \lhd |
| 17 | \(\rhd\) | \rhd |
| 18 | \(\triangleleft\) | \triangleleft |
| 19 | \(\triangleright\) | \triangleright |
| 20 | \(\unlhd\) | \unlhd |
| 21 | \(\unrhd\) | \unrhd |
| 22 | \(\bigtriangledown\) | \bigtriangledown |
| 23 | \(\bigtriangleup\) | \bigtriangleup |
| 24 | \(\setminus\) | \setminus |
| 25 | \(\veebar\) | \veebar |
| 26 | \(\curlyvee\) | \curlyvee |
| 27 | \(\Cup\) | \Cup |
| 28 | \(\top\) | \top |
| 29 | \(\rightthreetimes\) | \rightthreetimes |
| 30 | \(\leftthreetimes\) | \leftthreetimes |
| 31 | \(\geq\) | \geq |
| 32 | \(\succ\) | \succ |
| 33 | \(\succeq\) | \succeq |
| 34 | \(\gg\) | \gg |
| 35 | \(\supset\) | \supset |
| 36 | \(\supseteq\) | \supseteq |
| 37 | \(\sqsupset\) | \sqsupset |
| 38 | \(\sqsupseteq\) | \sqsupseteq |
| 39 | \(\vdash\) | \vdash |
| 40 | \(\ni\) | \ni |
| 41 | \(\perp\) | \perp |
| 42 | \(\mid\) | \mid |
| 43 | \(\parallel\) | \parallel |
| 44 | \(\bowtie\) | \bowtie |
| 45 | \(\Join\) | \Join |
| 46 | \(\ltimes\) | \ltimes |
| 47 | \(\rtimes\) | \rtimes |
| 48 | \(\smile\) | \smile |
| 49 | \(\frown\) | \frown |
| 50 | \(\notin\) | \notin |
说明：
- 第1-30项：主要为各类二元运算符（如集合运算、逻辑运算、特殊符号等）。
- 第31-50项：主要为二元关系符（如大于等于、包含于、正交、平行等）及其否定形式。
\cap,\cup,\setminus是基础的集合运算符。\wedge,\vee是逻辑与和逻辑或运算符。\geq,\succ,\supset等是序关系或包含关系。\in和\ni是互逆的关系，\notin是\in的否定形式。\perp表示垂直或正交关系。\mid和\parallel常用于表示“使得”条件和平行关系。
关系符, 特别是近似、不等、不满足关系等，已按符号类型和逻辑大致分类排序。
| # | 表现 | LaTeX 符号 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(\approxeq\) | \approxeq |
| 2 | \(\thicksim\) | \thicksim |
| 3 | \(\backsim\) | \backsim |
| 4 | \(\backsimeq\) | \backsimeq |
| 5 | \(\triangleq\) | \triangleq |
| 6 | \(\circeq\) | \circeq |
| 7 | \(\bumpeq\) | \bumpeq |
| 8 | \(\Bumpeq\) | \Bumpeq |
| 9 | \(\doteqdot\) | \doteqdot |
| 10 | \(\thickapprox\) | \thickapprox |
| 11 | \(\fallingdotseq\) | \fallingdotseq |
| 12 | \(\risingdotseq\) | \risingdotseq |
| 13 | \(\varpropto\) | \varpropto |
| 14 | \(\therefore\) | \therefore |
| 15 | \(\because\) | \because |
| 16 | \(\eqcirc\) | \eqcirc |
| 17 | \(\neq\) | \neq |
| 18 | \(\leqq\) | \leqq |
| 19 | \(\leqslant\) | \leqslant |
| 20 | \(\lessapprox\) | \lessapprox |
| 21 | \(\lll\) | \lll |
| 22 | \(\lessdot\) | \lessdot |
| 23 | \(\lesssim\) | \lesssim |
| 24 | \(\eqslantless\) | \eqslantless |
| 25 | \(\precsim\) | \precsim |
| 26 | \(\precapprox\) | \precapprox |
| 27 | \(\Subset\) | \Subset |
| 28 | \(\subseteqq\) | \subseteqq |
| 29 | \(\sqsubset\) | \sqsubset |
| 30 | \(\preccurlyeq\) | \preccurlyeq |
| 31 | \(\curlyeqprec\) | \curlyeqprec |
| 32 | \(\blacktriangleleft\) | \blacktriangleleft |
| 33 | \(\trianglelefteq\) | \trianglelefteq |
| 34 | \(\vartriangleleft\) | \vartriangleleft |
| 35 | \(\ncong\) | \ncong |
| 36 | \(\nmid\) | \nmid |
| 37 | \(\nparallel\) | \nparallel |
| 38 | \(\nshortmid\) | \nshortmid |
| 39 | \(\nshortparallel\) | \nshortparallel |
| 40 | \(\nsim\) | \nsim |
| 41 | \(\nVDash\) | \nVDash |
| 42 | \(\nvDash\) | \nvDash |
| 43 | \(\nvdash\) | \nvdash |
| 44 | \(\ntriangleleft\) | \ntriangleleft |
| 45 | \(\ntrianglelefteq\) | \ntrianglelefteq |
| 46 | \(\ntriangleright\) | \ntriangleright |
| 47 | \(\ntrianglerighteq\) | \ntrianglerighteq |
| 48 | \(\nleq\) | \nleq |
| 49 | \(\nleqq\) | \nleqq |
| 50 | \(\nleqslant\) | \nleqslant |
| 51 | \(\nless\) | \nless |
| 52 | \(\nprec\) | \nprec |
| 53 | \(\npreceq\) | \npreceq |
| 54 | \(\precnapprox\) | \precnapprox |
| 55 | \(\precnsim\) | \precnsim |
| 56 | \(\lnapprox\) | \lnapprox |
| 57 | \(\lneq\) | \lneq |
| 58 | \(\lneqq\) | \lneqq |
| 59 | \(\lnsim\) | \lnsim |
| 60 | \(\lvertneqq\) | \lvertneqq |
说明：
- 第1-34项：主要为各类近似、等价、弱序关系符及其变体。例如
\triangleq（定义为）、\because（因为）、\therefore（所以）、\varpropto（正比于）等。 - 第35-60项：主要为各类关系的否定形式，通过在基础关系符前加
n或使用特定的否定符号表示。例如\nmid（不整除）、\nparallel（不平行）、\nsim（不相似）、\nleq（不小于等于）等。 - 这些符号在需要精确表达数学逻辑关系时非常有用，尤其是在数理逻辑、集合论和抽象代数中。
箭头符号，已按箭头方向、是否双向以及是否长箭头等逻辑分类排序。
| # | 表现 | LaTeX 符号 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(\leftarrow\) | \leftarrow |
| 2 | \(\Leftarrow\) | \Leftarrow |
| 3 | \(\rightarrow\) | \rightarrow |
| 4 | \(\Rightarrow\) | \Rightarrow |
| 5 | \(\leftrightarrow\) | \leftrightarrow |
| 6 | \(\Leftrightarrow\) | \Leftrightarrow |
| 7 | \(\mapsto\) | \mapsto |
| 8 | \(\hookleftarrow\) | \hookleftarrow |
| 9 | \(\leftharpoonup\) | \leftharpoonup |
| 10 | \(\leftharpoondown\) | \leftharpoondown |
| 11 | \(\rightleftharpoons\) | \rightleftharpoons |
| 12 | \(\longleftarrow\) | \longleftarrow |
| 13 | \(\Longleftarrow\) | \Longleftarrow |
| 14 | \(\longrightarrow\) | \longrightarrow |
| 15 | \(\Longrightarrow\) | \Longrightarrow |
| 16 | \(\longleftrightarrow\) | \longleftrightarrow |
| 17 | \(\Longleftrightarrow\) | \Longleftrightarrow |
| 18 | \(\leadsto\) | \leadsto |
| 19 | \(\dashrightarrow\) | \dashrightarrow |
| 20 | \(\leftrightarrows\) | \leftrightarrows |
| 21 | \(\leftarrowtail\) | \leftarrowtail |
| 22 | \(\curvearrowleft\) | \curvearrowleft |
| 23 | \(\upuparrows\) | \upuparrows |
| 24 | \(\multimap\) | \multimap |
| 25 | \(\rightleftarrows\) | \rightleftarrows |
| 26 | \(\twoheadrightarrow\) | \twoheadrightarrow |
| 27 | \(\rightleftharpoons\) | \rightleftharpoons |
| 28 | \(\Rsh\) | \Rsh |
| 29 | \(\downharpoonright\) | \downharpoonright |
| 30 | \(\dashleftarrow\) | \dashleftarrow |
| 31 | \(\Lleftarrow\) | \Lleftarrow |
| 32 | \(\looparrowleft\) | \looparrowleft |
| 33 | \(\circlearrowleft\) | \circlearrowleft |
| 34 | \(\upharpoonleft\) | \upharpoonleft |
| 35 | \(\leftrightsquigarrow\) | \leftrightsquigarrow |
| 36 | \(\rightrightarrows\) | \rightrightarrows |
| 37 | \(\rightarrowtail\) | \rightarrowtail |
| 38 | \(\curvearrowright\) | \curvearrowright |
| 39 | \(\downdownarrows\) | \downdownarrows |
| 40 | \(\rightsquigarrow\) | \rightsquigarrow |
说明：
- 基础箭头：
\leftarrow,\rightarrow,\leftrightarrow及其大写形式（表示逻辑蕴含或等价）。 - 映射箭头：
\mapsto表示元素映射。 - 钩状/鱼叉箭头：如
\hookleftarrow,\leftharpoonup，常用于表示单射、限制等。 - 长箭头：
\long...系列，用于更长的表达式上方或下方。 - 双线/双头箭头：如
\twoheadrightarrow,\Rightarrow（双线向右），表示满射、双射或强蕴含。 - 曲线/波浪箭头：如
\curvearrowleft,\rightsquigarrow，常用于表示同伦、自然变换等。 - 上下箭头：
\upuparrows,\downharpoonright等，表示特定方向的力或关系。 - 虚线箭头：
\dashrightarrow,\dashleftarrow，常用于表示虚线箭头。 \rightleftharpoons常用于表示化学平衡或可逆反应。
箭头符号，已按垂直/斜向箭头、否定箭头和其他特殊箭头分类排序。
| # | 表现 | LaTeX 符号 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(\uparrow\) | \uparrow |
| 2 | \(\Uparrow\) | \Uparrow |
| 3 | \(\downarrow\) | \downarrow |
| 4 | \(\Downarrow\) | \Downarrow |
| 5 | \(\updownarrow\) | \updownarrow |
| 6 | \(\Updownarrow\) | \Updownarrow |
| 7 | \(\nearrow\) | \nearrow |
| 8 | \(\searrow\) | \searrow |
| 9 | \(\swarrow\) | \swarrow |
| 10 | \(\nwarrow\) | \nwarrow |
| 11 | \(\nleftarrow\) | \nleftarrow |
| 12 | \(\nRightarrow\) | \nRightarrow |
| 13 | \(\nLeftarrow\) | \nLeftarrow |
| 14 | \(\nLeftrightarrow\) | \nLeftrightarrow |
| 15 | \(\nrightarrow\) | \nrightarrow |
| 16 | \(\nleftrightarrow\) | \nleftrightarrow |
| 17 | \(\leftleftarrows\) | \leftleftarrows |
| 18 | \(\twoheadleftarrow\) | \twoheadleftarrow |
| 19 | \(\leftrightharpoons\) | \leftrightharpoons |
| 20 | \(\Lsh\) | \Lsh |
| 21 | \(\downharpoonleft\) | \downharpoonleft |
| 22 | \(\rightrightarrows\) | \rightrightarrows |
| 23 | \(\rightleftarrows\) | \rightleftarrows |
| 24 | \(\looparrowright\) | \looparrowright |
| 25 | \(\looparrowleft\) | \looparrowleft |
| 26 | \(\circlearrowright\) | \circlearrowright |
| 27 | \(\upharpoonright\) | \upharpoonright |
说明：
- 垂直箭头（第1-6项）：
\uparrow,\downarrow,\updownarrow及其双线版本，常用于表示向量、递增/递减或上下关系。 - 斜向箭头（第7-10项）：
\nearrow,\searrow,\swarrow,\nwarrow，表示四个对角线方向。 - 否定箭头（第11-16项）：在基础箭头前加
n，表示该关系不成立，如\nrightarrow（不向右箭头）。 - 特殊箭头（第17-27项）：
\leftleftarrows：向左的双箭头。\twoheadleftarrow：向左的双线箭头（常表示满射）。\leftrightharpoons：左右鱼叉箭头（常用于化学平衡）。\Lsh：向上再向左的弯箭头。\downharpoonleft：向下的左鱼叉。\rightrightarrows：向右的双箭头。\rightleftarrows：先右后左的双向箭头。\looparrowright,\looparrowleft：带环的右/左箭头。\circlearrowright：顺时针环形箭头。\upharpoonright：向上的右鱼叉。
杂项符号对照表，已按符号类别大致分类排序。
| # | 表现 | LaTeX 符号 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(\infty\) | \infty |
| 2 | \(\nabla\) | \nabla |
| 3 | \(\partial\) | \partial |
| 4 | \(\eth\) | \eth |
| 5 | \(\clubsuit\) | \clubsuit |
| 6 | \(\diamondsuit\) | \diamondsuit |
| 7 | \(\heartsuit\) | \heartsuit |
| 8 | \(\spadesuit\) | \spadesuit |
| 9 | \(\cdots\) | \cdots |
| 10 | \(\vdots\) | \vdots |
| 11 | \(\ldots\) | \ldots |
| 12 | \(\ddots\) | \ddots |
| 13 | \(\Im\) | \Im |
| 14 | \(\Re\) | \Re |
| 15 | \(\Bbbk\) | \Bbbk |
| 16 | \(\bigstar\) | \bigstar |
| 17 | \(\diagdown\) | \diagdown |
| 18 | \(\diagup\) | \diagup |
| 19 | \(\Diamond\) | \Diamond |
| 20 | \(\Finv\) | \Finv |
| 21 | \(\Game\) | \Game |
| 22 | \(\hbar\) | \hbar |
| 23 | \(\hslash\) | \hslash |
| 24 | \(\lozenge\) | \lozenge |
| 25 | \(\mho\) | \mho |
| 26 | \(\prime\) | \prime |
| 27 | \(\square\) | \square |
| 28 | \(\surd\) | \surd |
| 29 | \(\forall\) | \forall |
| 30 | \(\exists\) | \exists |
| 31 | \(\nexists\) | \nexists |
| 32 | \(\emptyset\) | \emptyset |
| 33 | \(\varnothing\) | \varnothing |
| 34 | \(\imath\) | \imath |
| 35 | \(\jmath\) | \jmath |
| 36 | \(\ell\) | \ell |
| 37 | \(\iint\) | \iint |
| 38 | \(\iiint\) | \iiint |
| 39 | \(\sharp\) | \sharp |
| 40 | \(\flat\) | \flat |
| 41 | \(\natural\) | \natural |
| 42 | \(\wp\) | \wp |
| 43 | \(\angle\) | \angle |
| 44 | \(\measuredangle\) | \measuredangle |
| 45 | \(\sphericalangle\) | \sphericalangle |
| 46 | \(\complement\) | \complement |
| 47 | \(\triangledown\) | \triangledown |
| 48 | \(\triangle\) | \triangle |
| 49 | \(\vartriangle\) | \vartriangle |
| 50 | \(\blacklozenge\) | \blacklozenge |
| 51 | \(\blacksquare\) | \blacksquare |
| 52 | \(\blacktriangle\) | \blacktriangle |
| 53 | \(\blacktriangledown\) | \blacktriangledown |
| 54 | \(\backprime\) | \backprime |
| 55 | \(\circledS\) | \circledS |
| 56 | \(\circledR\) | \circledR |
说明：
- 数学常数/算子：
∞(无穷),∇(梯度),∂(偏导),ℏ(约化普朗克常数)。 - 扑克牌花色：
♣♦♥♠。 - 省略号：
⋯(居中),…(底部),⋮(垂直),⋱(对角线)。 - 复数相关：
ℑ(虚部),ℜ(实部)，\wp(Weierstrass p)。 - 逻辑量词：
∀(任意),∃(存在),∄(不存在)。 - 空集符号：
∅,∅(变体)。 - 无点字母：
ı,ȷ(用于加注音符号时避免点重叠)。 - 积分符号：
∬,∭。 - 音乐符号：
♯(升号),♭(降号),♮(还原号)。 - 角度符号：
∠,∡,∢。 - 几何形状：三角形、菱形、正方形及其实心变体。
- 其他：
√(根号),′(撇号/导数),ℓ(手写体小写L),\Game(游戏论符号),\mho(电导单位)。
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