46 Nginx的error_page指令

46 Nginx的error_page指令

46.1 error_page指令

error_page：设置网站的错误页面

语法	error_page code ... [=[response]] uri;
默认值	-
位置	http 、server 、location

 

 

 

 

code 是后端响应给前端的状态码

当出现对应的响应 code 后，如何来处理？

46.2 跳转

指定具体跳转的地址

[root@nginx-100 /usr/local/nginx/conf]# cat nginx.conf
user www;
worker_processes 2;
error_log logs/error.log;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
#daemon on; # 默认on
events {
    accept_mutex on;
    multi_accept on;
    worker_connections  1024;
    use epoll;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        
        location ^~/abcd {
          default_type text/plain;
          return 200 'abcd access success';
        }
        location ~*^/abc\w$ {
      default_type text/plain;
      return 200 'access success';
        }

        location /images/ {
          alias html/images/;
          index mv.png;
        }
        error_page 404 http://www.baidu.com;
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}
[root@nginx-100 /usr/local/nginx/conf]# nginx -t && nginx -s reload
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

浏览器访问：http://10.0.0.100/aaa ，没有配置 aaa，应该返回404，会自动跳转到 www.baidu.com

46.3 重定向

指定重定向的地址，nginx 默认采用的规则

[root@nginx-100 /usr/local/nginx/conf]# cat nginx.conf
user www;
worker_processes 2;
error_log logs/error.log;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
#daemon on; # 默认on
events {
    accept_mutex on;
    multi_accept on;
    worker_connections  1024;
    use epoll;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        
        location ^~/abcd {
          default_type text/plain;
          return 200 'abcd access success';
        }
        location ~*^/abc\w$ {
      default_type text/plain;
      return 200 'access success';
        }

        location /images/ {
          alias html/images/;
          index mv.png;
        }
        #error_page 404 http://www.baidu.com;
        error_page   500 502 503 504 404 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}
[root@nginx-100 /usr/local/nginx/conf]# nginx -t && nginx -s reload
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

浏览器访问：http://10.0.0.100/aaa ，没有配置 aaa，应该返回404，会重定向 /50x.html，从而被下面的 location 匹配

46.4 location @

使用 location 的 @ 符合完成错误信息展示

[root@nginx-100 /usr/local/nginx/conf]# cat nginx.conf
user www;
worker_processes 2;
error_log logs/error.log;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
#daemon on; # 默认on
events {
    accept_mutex on;
    multi_accept on;
    worker_connections  1024;
    use epoll;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        
        location ^~/abcd {
          default_type text/plain;
          return 200 'abcd access success';
        }
        location ~*^/abc\w$ {
      default_type text/plain;
      return 200 'access success';
        }

        location /images/ {
          alias html/images/;
          index mv.png;
        }
        #error_page 404 http://www.baidu.com;

        error_page 404 @jump_to_error;
        location @jump_to_error {
           default_type text/plain;
           return 404 'Not Found HTML Page';
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504 404 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}
[root@nginx-100 /usr/local/nginx/conf]# nginx -t && nginx -s reload
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

浏览器访问：http://10.0.0.100/aaa 

46.5 =[response]

可选：=[response] 的作用是用来将相应状态码更改为另外一个

前端收集到返回404后，返回了正常的内容，可以使用正常状态码 200 返回

[root@nginx-100 /usr/local/nginx/conf]# cat nginx.conf
user www;
worker_processes 2;
error_log logs/error.log;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
#daemon on; # 默认on
events {
    accept_mutex on;
    multi_accept on;
    worker_connections  1024;
    use epoll;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        
        location ^~/abcd {
          default_type text/plain;
          return 200 'abcd access success';
        }
        location ~*^/abc\w$ {
      default_type text/plain;
      return 200 'access success';
        }

        location /images/ {
          alias html/images/;
          index mv.png;
        }
        #error_page 404 http://www.baidu.com;

        #error_page 404 @jump_to_error;
        #location @jump_to_error {
        #   default_type text/plain;
        #   return 404 'Not Found HTML Page';
        #}
        
        error_page 404 =200 /50x.html;

        error_page   500 502 503 504 404 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}
[root@nginx-100 /usr/local/nginx/conf]# nginx -t && nginx -s reload
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

浏览器状态码 200

当返回404，找不到对应资源时，在浏览器上可以看到，但最终返回状态码是 200

注意：编写 error_page 后面的内容，404 后面需要加空格，200 前面不能加空格

 

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